Technical advantages of biological deodorization equipment

This paper introduces the advantages of biological deodorization equipment technology, and points out that the cultivation and screening of biological strains and the uniform air distribution system are the key to improving the efficiency of biological deodorization system, and biological composite deodorization is the direction of deodorization technology.

Common deodorization methods include: water washing method (chemical washing method), activated carbon adsorption method (including catalytic activated carbon method), ozone oxidation method, combustion method, high-energy ion deodorization method, pure natural plant extract spraying method and biological deodorization method.

Water cleaning is: using the characteristics of some substances in the odor gas that can be soluble in water, so that the ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas in the odor gas contact and dissolve, to achieve the purpose of deodorization, simple equipment, low cost, but easy to produce secondary pollution, the generated sewage needs to be retreated.

The basic principle of chemical scrubbing is that the odorous gas is captured into the liquid by spray type or packing type absorption tower, and the odor gas molecules are removed from the exhaust gas by wet absorption or oxidation and washing liquid reaction. The disadvantage of chemical washing method is that the operating cost is relatively high, especially the products after chemical reactions have the possibility and tendency to cause new environmental pollution, and the chemical products after washing need to be treated.

The activated carbon adsorption method is a deodorization method that uses the strong adsorption capacity of activated carbon to adsorb odor-causing substances in the odor and treat the odor. Activated carbon reaches saturation after adsorption to a certain extent, and it needs to be desorption before it can continue to be used, and the desorption and replacement costs of activated carbon are high.

The ozone oxidation method is to use ozone as a strong oxidant to oxidize the chemical components in the odor and achieve the purpose of deodorization. Ozone is easy to decompose, unstable, and may produce secondary pollutants, and ozone itself is also an air pollutant, and the state also has corresponding limit standards, if the amount is not well controlled, it will be counterproductive.

Ion deodorization is the use of ionogens to emit high-energy positive and negative ions, generate oxygen ion groups in the gas, contact with organic volatile gas molecules (VOCs) in the exhaust gas, open the chemical bonds of VOC molecules, and decompose them into CO2 and H2O. The advantage of this method is that it is effective for low concentration of odor and volatile organic compounds, but the disadvantage is that when the concentration of inlet odor is high or the treatment effect is high, it is difficult to meet the standard when using the ion method alone.

The combustion methods are: direct combustion and catalytic combustion. According to the characteristics of odor, when the temperature reaches 648 °C and the contact time is more than 0.3 s, the odor will burn directly to achieve the purpose of deodorization.

The direct combustion method is effective for the treatment of high-concentration odors, but the fuel cost is high, and there are NOX and other gas components in the combustion gas, which may cause secondary pollution. Although the catalytic combustion method can convert harmful substances in the exhaust gas into harmless substances to achieve the purpose of deodorization, the decomposition of polymer compounds in the whole process is not very good, and it will also produce solid waste such as desulfurization waste and waste catalyst. Another point is that the cost of the catalyst is relatively high, and it is easy to poison the catalyst during the combustion process.

The deodorization technology of plant extract is to spray the plant extract to form small mist particles with a large specific surface area, adsorb the odor molecules in the air to react or catalyze the reaction with oxygen in the air, and produce odorless and secondary pollution products; Natural plant extracts are non-toxic, non-explosive, non-combustible, and non-irritating. However, this method requires the continuous use of plant extracts, and the deodorization effect is maintained by deodorants, and the later cost is high.

Biological deodorization technology is to use microorganisms to use organic components in exhaust gas as energy or other nutrients for their life activities, and convert odorous substances into simple inorganic substances (CO2, water, etc.) and cellular components through the physiological metabolism of microorganisms, so as to achieve the purpose of deodorization. Biological law has won people's favor because of its safety, high efficiency, energy saving, environmental protection, and no secondary pollution, and has developed rapidly.